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Saturday, March 10, 2012

Silva: Free Will in Ancient Egypt according to the Instruction of Ptahhotep

André de Campos Silva (2010)
The Status of Free Will in Ancient Egypt's Old and Middle Kingdoms According to the Instruction of Ptahhotep.
Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Letras, Departamento de História,
112 pp. - pdf-file (1 MB)
http://repositorio.ul.pt/bitstream/10451/3367/1/ulfl087137_tm.pdf
"This thesis tackles the problem of free will in ancient Egypt having as point of departure the Instruction of Ptahhotep. In order to assess the status and conception of free will in a given culture one has to grasp the way that very culture understands man as an agent ... Besides the agent conception, it is also important to address the principal obstacle to free will, which in the foregoing instruction are the gods ... At the conclusion it was inferred that the importance given to moral responsibility in the extant written record is determinant to the status of free will; even though some may be determined by a god, those who are not have the possibility to will freely."

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